Today, AI is being utilized in various industries, from trending ChatGPT programs to personalized recommendation services based on online shopping mall purchase histories. Indeed, it is being applied in diverse fields such as healthcare, finance, education, and manufacturing. This has brought about not only positive prospects but also negative ones, and many negative cases of AI use are already known to the public. Therefore, various international organizations, such as the UN and EU, have been discussing the regulation of AI, and it is expected that such discussions will develop into normative regulations.

In April 2021, the European Union (EU) proposed the AI Regulation, which would comprehensively regulate the use of AI and is expected to have a significant impact as the first binding international agreement to control the use of AI. The actual entry-into-force process is underway, and the member states of the EU and the United States are showing great interest and concern. Individual provisions of the agreement convey a sense of crisis. However, despite efforts being made to mediate differences between the U.S. and the EU since the AI regulation was announced, there seems to be a lot of disagreement with the U.S. in the process of ratifying the bill.

Discussions to regulate the military’s use of AI are also underway by a group of Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems (LAWS) government experts, and this will be part of the detailed agenda of the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW) in 2023. There are differences in positions between technology leaders such as the United States, China, and Russia. In 2023, discussions on regulating military use of AI will be more in-depth, focusing on LAWS, what to regulate under what circumstances, and measures to evaluate and reduce threats. This is similar to the EU's method of regulating the commercial use of AI, so discussions are expected to focus on specific functions or technologies that are to be prohibited or regulated in the future.

The first internationally binding agreement to regulate the use of AI has been established, and discussions are being held on regulating militaries’ use of AI. This has raised concerns and interest among many countries, and conflict is expected to intensify during the process of passing laws, with efforts underway to reconcile differences behind the scenes. Indeed, AI has a significant impact on our lives, both positive and negative. To reduce the negative effects and promote better coexistence with AI, countries around the world are creating regulatory norms for the development and operation of AI technology, as well as responsibility. If this process is successful, we can create a better future for humanity through AI.